Geometry — Standards-Aligned Skills Examination
A calculation-focused, standards-walkthrough exam covering every CCSS-M Geometry conceptual category (G-CO, G-SRT, G-C, G-GPE, G-GMD, G-MG, S-CP). Each problem header cites the standard(s). Form B complements Form A (which is more applied / problem-solving and proof-heavy).
Instructions
- Time limit: 120 minutes. Calculator permitted throughout. Compass, straightedge, and protractor are permitted.
- Show all algebraic work. Bare numerical answers earn at most half credit.
- Express exact values exactly; round only when the problem requests.
- Each problem header cites the CCSS-M code(s) the items target.
Triangle \(\triangle ABC\) has vertices \(A(2, 1)\), \(B(5, 1)\), \(C(5, 4)\). Apply each transformation to \(\triangle ABC\) and state the new coordinates of the image.
- Translation by the vector \(\langle -3, 4\rangle\).
- Reflection across the \(x\)-axis.
- Reflection across the \(y\)-axis.
- Reflection across the line \(y = x\).
- Rotation 90° counterclockwise about the origin.
- Rotation 180° about the origin.
- Dilation centered at the origin with scale factor 3.
- Dilation centered at \((2, 1)\) with scale factor 2.
- Two angles are complementary. One measures \( (3x + 7)° \), the other \( (2x - 12)° \). Find \(x\) and each angle.
- Two angles are supplementary. One measures \( (5x - 4)° \), the other \( (2x + 19)° \). Find \(x\) and each angle.
- In a triangle, the three angles measure \( (x + 20)°,\ (2x - 5)°,\ (x + 25)° \). Find \(x\) and each angle. Verify the sum is 180°.
- Parallel lines \(\ell\) and \(m\) are cut by a transversal. Two corresponding angles measure \( (4x + 15)° \) and \( (6x - 25)° \). Find \(x\).
- Same configuration: alternate-interior angles measure \( (3x + 22)° \) and \( (5x - 8)° \). Find \(x\).
- Same configuration: co-interior (consecutive interior) angles measure \( (2x + 30)° \) and \( (3x - 10)° \). Find \(x\) (these sum to 180°).
- An interior angle of a regular polygon measures 144°. How many sides does the polygon have? Use the formula \( \dfrac{(n-2) \cdot 180}{n} \).
- Find the sum of the interior angles of a 12-gon.
- \(\triangle ABC \sim \triangle DEF\) with \(AB = 8\), \(DE = 12\), \(BC = 10\). Find \(EF\). Show the proportion.
- Two similar polygons have a linear scale factor of \(2 : 5\). Find:
(i) the ratio of perimeters (ii) the ratio of areas (iii) the ratio of volumes (for similar 3-D solids)
- The areas of two similar triangles are in the ratio \(9 : 25\). Find the ratio of corresponding side lengths. Then find the ratio of the perimeters.
- In \(\triangle ABC\), \(\overline{DE} \parallel \overline{BC}\) with \(D\) on \(\overline{AB}\) and \(E\) on \(\overline{AC}\). \(AD = 5\), \(DB = 7\), \(AE = 4\). Find \(EC\).
- A 6-ft tall person casts a 9-ft shadow at the same time a building casts a 75-ft shadow. Find the height of the building.
- On a map drawn at scale \(1 : 24{,}000\), two cities are 8 inches apart. Find the actual distance in miles. (1 mile = 63{,}360 in.)
- In right triangle \(\triangle ABC\) with \(\angle C = 90°\), legs \(a = 5\) and \(b = 12\), find:
(i) the hypotenuse \(c\) (ii) \(\sin A,\ \cos A,\ \tan A\) (iii) \(\angle A\) (round to nearest 0.1°) (iv) \(\angle B\)
- In a right triangle, an acute angle is 35° and the opposite side is 9. Find:
(i) the adjacent side (ii) the hypotenuse
- In a right triangle, the hypotenuse is 20 and one leg is 12. Find the other leg and both acute angles.
- Use exact values for special right triangles:
(i) In a 30-60-90 triangle, if the shorter leg is 7, find the longer leg and hypotenuse exactly.
(ii) In a 45-45-90 triangle, if a leg is 6, find the hypotenuse exactly. - From the top of a 80-ft cliff, the angle of depression to a boat at sea is 22°. How far is the boat from the base of the cliff? Round to the nearest foot.
- A ramp makes an 11° angle with horizontal and rises 3 ft. How long is the ramp (slope distance)? Round to the nearest 0.1 ft.
- A circle has radius 7 cm. Find:
(i) circumference (ii) area (iii) length of a 60° arc (iv) area of a 60° sector
- A central angle of 90° subtends an arc of length 5π. Find the radius of the circle.
- The area of a sector is \(12\pi\) cm\(^2\) and the radius is 6 cm. Find the central angle in degrees.
- An inscribed angle subtends an arc of 130°. Find the inscribed angle.
- From an external point, two tangent segments to a circle have lengths \(2x + 1\) and \(x + 7\). Find \(x\) (use the equal-tangents theorem).
- Two chords intersect inside a circle. One chord is divided into segments of length 4 and 9. The other chord is divided into segments of length 6 and \(x\). Find \(x\) (use the chord-chord product).
- Find the distance, midpoint, and slope of the segment with endpoints \( (-3, 5) \) and \( (4, -1) \). Show each formula.
- Find the equation of the line through \( (-2, 3) \) parallel to \( y = -\tfrac{2}{3} x + 5 \).
- Find the equation of the line through \( (4, -1) \) perpendicular to \( y = \tfrac{1}{4} x + 2 \).
- Find the perpendicular bisector of the segment with endpoints \((1, 2)\) and \((7, 6)\). Show your work.
- Find the area of the triangle with vertices \(A(0, 0)\), \(B(6, 0)\), \(C(4, 5)\). Use the base-and-height formula.
- Find the perimeter of the quadrilateral with vertices \( (1, 1),\ (5, 1),\ (5, 4),\ (1, 4) \) using the distance formula.
- Write the equation of a circle in standard form with center \( (3, -4) \) and radius 5.
- Convert each equation to standard form by completing the square; state center and radius:
(i) \( x^2 + y^2 - 6x + 4y - 12 = 0 \) (ii) \( x^2 + y^2 + 8x - 2y + 1 = 0 \)
- The endpoints of a diameter of a circle are \((1, 2)\) and \((7, 10)\). Find the equation of the circle. Show how you find center (midpoint) and radius (half the diameter).
- Write the equation of a parabola with vertex \((1, -2)\) opening upward and passing through \((3, 6)\).
- Compute the volume of each:
(i) rectangular prism, dimensions 4 × 6 × 10 (ii) cube, edge length 5 (iii) cylinder, radius 3, height 8 (iv) cone, radius 4, height 9 (v) sphere, radius 6 (vi) square pyramid, base side 8, height 12
- Compute the surface area of each:
(i) cube, edge 5 (ii) cylinder, radius 3, height 8 (lateral + two circles) (iii) sphere, radius 6
- Find the missing dimension:
(i) A cylinder of radius 5 has volume \(150\pi\) cm\(^3\). Find its height.
(ii) A cone of radius \(r\) and height 12 has volume \(64\pi\). Find \(r\).
(iii) A sphere has volume \(\dfrac{500\pi}{3}\). Find its radius.
- A rectangular concrete pad is 12 ft × 8 ft × 0.5 ft. Concrete weighs 150 lb/ft\(^3\). Compute the weight of the pad.
- Aluminum has density 2.7 g/cm\(^3\). A solid aluminum sphere has radius 4 cm. Compute the mass.
- A cylindrical water tank has radius 5 ft and height 12 ft. Find the capacity in gallons (1 ft\(^3\) ≈ 7.48 gal). Round to the nearest gallon.
- A road's grade (incline) is 6%, meaning vertical rise is 6% of horizontal distance. If a road climbs 24 ft vertically, find the horizontal distance traveled. Find the road length (slope distance).
- A triangular plot of land has vertices that, in coordinates, are at \((0, 0)\), \((300, 0)\), \((180, 240)\) (units in feet). Find the area in acres (1 acre = 43{,}560 ft\(^2\)). Round to two decimals.
A standard 52-card deck. A card is drawn at random. Let \(K\) be the event "card is a King" and \(H\) be the event "card is a Heart."
- Compute \(P(K),\ P(H),\ P(K \cap H),\ P(K \cup H)\).
- Compute \(P(K \mid H)\) and \(P(H \mid K)\). Show the conditional formula \(P(A \mid B) = P(A \cap B) / P(B)\).
- Are \(K\) and \(H\) independent? Justify by checking \(P(K \cap H) \stackrel{?}{=} P(K) \cdot P(H)\).
- Two cards are drawn without replacement. Compute the probability that both are Aces. Show the dependent-trials product.
- A two-way table classifies 100 students by gender (M, F) and music preference (Pop, Rock):
Compute: (i) \(P(\text{Pop})\); (ii) \(P(F \mid \text{Pop})\); (iii) \(P(\text{Pop} \mid F)\); (iv) Are gender and preference independent? Justify.Pop Rock Total M 22 28 50 F 34 16 50 Total 56 44 100